Chapter 9 Problems
20 original chapter problems from Chemistry II, Chapter 1. Review quizzes remain in their original lessons.
Original reading → · Source answers and worked examples →
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Which of the following molecules are polar? Rank the molecules in order of increasing boiling point.
CH3OH, CH4, C2H6, H2O -
Given the following temperature vs energy graph, predict what changes you would see if pressure were to increase from 1 atm to 5 atm.
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Ammonia is heated at a factory during the production of a new dye. In order to keep the ammonia from evaporating, the plant operators keep the ammonia under pressure. If the ammonia reaches a temperature of 80ºC, at what pressure does it need to be kept?
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Refer to the given phase diagram of water. If you start with ice at -50ºC and 0.5 atm, then you heat it to 200ºC, then increase the pressure to 100 atm, then finally cool it down to -10ºC, what phase changes will the water undergo? Include when they occur during the T or P change.
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AP edition reviewed standalone replacement.
Explain why polarity alone cannot establish a complete water-solubility ranking forCH₄,C₄H₉OH,SO₂ andC₈H₁₈. Identify additional data or chemical behavior needed for a defensible ranking.
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Draw and name the optical isomers of Bromochlorofluoroiodomethane (CBrClFI) One is shown in the below image.
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Temperature varies with elevation according to the following equation:
If a hospital keeps their interior at 1 atm, but they are at an elevation of 2321m, at which temperature would the pain killer Pain-B-Gone evaporate when brought outside? Assume Pain-B-Gone has Antoine coefficients of
A = 3.553, B = 1222.4, C = 311.2. -
AP edition reviewed standalone replacement.
Reviewed volatile-species model:a1.00L sealed gas space at300.0K contains vaporX and inert gas. Its supplied saturation partial pressure is0.100atm; initialX partial pressure is0.150atm. At fixed temperature/volume, how many moles ofX condense? UseR0.082057L atm mol⁻¹K⁻¹ and neglect liquid volume.
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Give the combination of molecules from amongst the following that would result in the strongest intermolecular forces:
CH4, CHCl3, SO2, C3H8, H2 -
You are given a faulty table for the Antoine constants of an unknown chemical. All you know is that C is 178, but the values given for A and B are both ‘Err’. As you don’t think that’s correct, you conduct an experiment to figure out the true value of A and B.
You find that the chemical boils at 500ºC at 1 atm, and then it boils at 820ºC at 4 atm. What is the correct A value? - A jar of liquid is suspended is sitting in a pressure chamber sitting at 80ºC and 10 atm. The temperature is held constant and the pressure is decreased. At 0.50 atm, the liquid begins to boil. If you know the liquid is either Benzene, Ethene, or Propanol, based on the information given, what chemical is the liquid?
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Which structure of C4H10 would have the strongest intermolecular forces, n-Butane or isobutane?
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AP edition reviewed standalone replacement.
At the same300K temperature, sampleA has total pressure1.00atm and mole fractionsO₂0.210/N₂0.790. SampleB has total pressure0.750atm and mole fractionsO₂0.400/N₂0.600. Find each component’s partial pressure in each ideal mixture.
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What temperature does Mercury boil at on the surface of Venus (90atm).
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AP edition reviewed standalone replacement.
Immiscible-liquid enrichment model:at a stated temperature, liquidX has supplied pure vapor pressure0.0800atm and liquidY0.0200atm. Both separate liquid phases remain and the vapor is ideal. What external pressure permits boiling, and what vapor mole fractions follow?
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There is a point in Earth’s atmosphere where the air pressure is so low that water boils at normal body temperature (37ºC). Using the pressure vs. height equation, approximate the height of this point.
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AP edition reviewed standalone replacement.
Methane has critical temperature190.6K. Can compression alone produce a distinct liquid phase at5.00°C? Explain why a liquid–vapor Antoine fit valid90.99–189.99K cannot answer that request.
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You are part of a research team developing a new food additive to promote iron uptake. After a month of research, your team finds out that the S isomer of a chemical increases iron uptake by 21%. Your project head, Henry, wants to go ahead and begin producing rice infused with your additive to begin distribution. Do you agree with his decision? Explain.
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You place 4 cups of the following fluids into a vacuum chamber and then reduce the pressure until all the cups are empty (all the liquid boils away). What order would the cups boil in? They contain: H2O, CH3OH, C3H7OH, and C2H6.
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A truck carrying a chemical X is traveling up a steep mountain road. The road has a slope of 10%, meaning for every 10m you drive you go up one meter in elevation. The truck is driving at 20m/s, and it springs a leak at 10m above sea level. The summit is 15km away (1500m up). The Antoine coefficients for Chemical X are A = 7.662, B = 1621, C = 195, and it is 15ºC.
If Chemical X leaks at 4g/s when it is liquid and 1 g/s when it is gaseous, how much Chemical X leaks by the time the truck reaches the summit?